Fam i guerra a Catalunya
Memòria i estratègies de supervivència, 1936-1959
Pa, ous, patates, llet... Avui sembla difícil imaginar la vida sense productes tan bàsics, però en cert moment de la història eren bens preuats difícils d'aconseguir.
Eren temps de fam i de guerra, com encara recorden molts dels qui van viure la guerra civil i els anys posteriors.
Aquesta mostra itinerant recupera la memòria d'aquells anys a partir dels records i dels objectes i documents de tants homes i dones que van viure aquells fets i van patir l'escassetat de queviures i productes de tota mena. Es passava fam al front, on els i les combatents menjaven poc i malament, i també a les ciutats, on dones, nens i avis s'havien d'esforçar diàriament per sobreviure i per trobar els aliments més bàsics.
Eren temps de pa negre, de garrofes, de verdolaga, de figues de moro, de cafè de malta i de xicoira, temps en els quals es criaven gallines, conills o coloms als terrats i balcons i es pescava amb canya, no tant per afició com per pura necessitat.
Les xarxes socials d'amistat i d'intercanvi de productes o serveis van salvar la vida de molts ciutadans, que podien aconseguir aliments bescanviant-los per espardenyes o escombres quan la seva feina els donava accés a aquests productes, o bé cosir un vestit a canvi d'ous o de llet.
Els bombardejos feixistes que van afectar Barcelona a partir del 1937, però que també van tenir com a objectiu moltes d'altres poblacions catalanes, empitjoraven la situació en unes ciutats on els habitants que hi quedaven van haver de construir infinitat de refugis subterranis per tal de protegir-se de les bombes.
Acabada al guerra, des de l'any 1939 i fins al Congrés Eucarístic del 1952, encara es va mantenir l'escassetat d'aliments, fins al punt que l'Estat va imposar un raccionament. Molts conserven encara les cartilles de cupons que es poden veure en aquesta mostra. I d'altres tenen encara molt presents els viatges que feien al camp per tal de proveir-se d'uns aliments que havien d'introduir a la ciutat d'amagat. Ho feien per evitar la vigilància dels burots, funcionaris d'uniforme encarregats de cobrar impostos per aquests productes.
Era l'anomenat estraperlo, que sovint era una pràctica de substistència, però que, a gran escala, va acabar enriquint moltes figures prominents dels primers anys del règim franquista.
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